KISHORI IVF
What Is Low Testosterone in Women?
Low testosterone in women denotes a deficiency of this vital hormone synthesized in the ovaries and adrenal glands. Although its levels are significantly lower in women compared to men, testosterone is integral to their physical and emotional well-being, influencing muscle strength, bone health, mood stability, and sexual desire.
Who Is Susceptible to Low Testosterone in Women?
Women across all life stages, from teenagers to those in their postmenopausal years, can experience diminished testosterone levels. Its occurrence becomes increasingly frequent with advancing age, especially during and following the menopausal transition.
What Are the Categories of Low Testosterone in Women?
Low testosterone in women can be broadly divided into two classifications:
- Primary Hypogonadism: This condition emerges when the ovaries or adrenal glands falter in their testosterone production due to aging, genetic predispositions, or specific health issues.
- Secondary Hypogonadism: Here, the pituitary gland or hypothalamus in the brain underperforms, leading to a decline in testosterone synthesis.
What Triggers Low Testosterone in Women?
Multiple factors contribute to lowered testosterone levels, including:
- Disorders leading to reduced androgen levels.
- Decreased androgen output by the ovaries.
- Impacts of chemotherapy and radiation treatments.
- Ovarian insufficiency or surgical removal of ovaries (oophorectomy).
- Reduced adrenal androgen production or adrenal insufficiency.
- Dysfunction within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis due to malnutrition, anorexia, or hypopituitarism.
- Medications, such as corticosteroids, hormonal contraceptives, oral estrogen therapy, and opioids.
What Are the Indicators of Low Testosterone in Women?
Symptoms of low testosterone in women manifest both physically and psychologically, including:
- Persistent fatigue and dwindling energy levels.
- Lowered sexual desire (libido).
- Mood alterations, such as irritability or depression.
- Reduced muscle mass and physical strength.
- Increased fat accumulation and weight gain.
- Cognitive challenges, including concentration difficulties and memory lapses.
- Thinning hair, brittle nails, and dry skin.
- Bone fragility and reduced density.
- Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM): Previously termed vulvovaginal atrophy, GSM encompasses urinary, genital, and sexual dysfunction stemming from diminished sex hormone levels. Affecting up to 70% of postmenopausal women, it involves symptoms like vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, urinary urgency, and recurrent infections.
How Does Low Testosterone Impact Female Fertility?
Testosterone deficiency in women can disrupt ovulatory cycles and menstruation, impairing fertility. This may result in irregular or completely absent periods, complicating conception.
How Is Low Testosterone Diagnosed in Women?
A comprehensive diagnostic approach is essential and includes:
- Detailed medical history review and symptom assessment.
- Physical examination to identify physical markers.
- Bloodwork to measure hormone levels.
How Is Low Testosterone in Women Treated?
Addressing this condition involves strategies tailored to the underlying causes, such as:
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Administering testosterone via patches, gels, or injections to restore hormonal balance. Though the FDA has not approved testosterone therapy for women, vaginal DHEA (prasterone) is sanctioned for alleviating dyspareunia in moderate-to-severe cases.
- Lifestyle Adjustments: Adopting a balanced diet, consistent physical activity, and proper sleep patterns to support hormonal equilibrium.
- Management of Preexisting Conditions: Treating ailments like PCOS or diabetes can aid in normalizing testosterone levels.
Conclusion
Low testosterone in women is a significant health issue that warrants attention. Early recognition of symptoms, precise diagnosis, and appropriate interventions can profoundly improve overall quality of life.
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